Methodology

How we measure — and when we admit a number is worthless.

A bit of honesty before we start: nobody can hand you a perfect number for your AI visibility. An AI’s answer shifts depending on who’s asking, when, and what mood the model is in today. Anyone selling you visibility to two decimal places either missed that — or is hoping you won’t ask. We do it the other way round: we show you how sure a reading is, and we tell you when not to trust it.

01 · Multi-query

We ask many times, not once.

Asking ChatGPT once is a snapshot, not a measurement. So we put the same question to each engine repeatedly and watch how much the answer moves. That becomes a confidence score — a range, not a point. With us, “22%” means “22% ± 4 points across the observation window.” Less marketing-friendly. More true.

For every engine we run 49 buyer-intent prompts, three times each. Your share of answer is the average across all runs — and the spread between them becomes the confidence score in the next section.

“best CRM for startups” · ChatGPT · 3 runs
run 1 · you rank#2 of 6
run 2 · you rank#5 of 7
run 3 · you rank#3 of 6
average18.2% share · ±0.06 spread

One run said #2. Another said #5. Only the spread tells you which number you can take to your CMO.

reading…
best CRM for startups?ONE PROMPTGPTPPLXGEMCOPDSAIOAIMCLDGRK

One prompt → 9 engines × 3 runs each — the spread across runs is the Determinism Index.

The headline metric

Share of Answer, counted out of 100.

Once the runs settle, we count how often a brand is named across every answer. Share of Answer is that count out of 100 — like market share, but for AI answers instead of search clicks.

names this brandnames someone else / nobody
0 of every 100 CRM answers

A brand named in 31 of 100 answers holds 31% Share of Answer. The other 69 go to competitors or no one — the conversation you never see in analytics.

?Share of Answer · how often AI names you when it answers your categoryAveraged across 49 buyer-intent prompts × 9 engines × 3 runs. A competitor named instead of you is a deal you can lose without ever seeing it in analytics.
02 · The Confidence Score

A confidence score on every single number.

The Confidence Score measures how much an answer moved across its three runs. 1.00 means the engine said the same thing every time; lower means it’s guessing. Every score, chart and chat answer in Quolens carries its Confidence Score — this is the instrument no other GEO tool has.

0.00/1.0Reliable
00.51.0
±0.05 across 3 runs · trust range 0 → 1.0
How we read the score
≥ 0.80Reliable. The engine agreed with itself. Report this number.
0.60–0.79Mixed. It wobbled. Use it with a caveat, watch the trend.
< 0.60Shaky. The engine contradicted itself. We flag it and we won’t report a point estimate.

Toggle the tiers above to see the readout move. This trust range is the only place a judgment colour ever touches a number — everywhere else, colour is identity, not verdict.

reading…
01.00.00
measuring…

±0.05 across 3 runs · salesforce.com

03 · Memory vs Live-Grounding

From memory or looked up live — and the honest catch.

We separate two things almost everyone mashes into one number: what the AI “knows” about you from training (memory), and what it finds live on the web right now. Both weak means nobody knows you. Only the live picture weak means your content is stale. The honest catch nobody else mentions: this split only works where the engine actually searches the live web. If a model answers purely from memory, there’s no live picture to split off — and we’ll tell you exactly that, instead of inventing one.

Same prompt, run twice“best CRM for startups”
Web on · live web0%
Web off · model memory0%
The split0pplive − model gap

Salesforce is named far more often when the engine searches the web than from training memory alone. That 24-point gap is the GEO roadmap — get cited on the pages engines reach for, and the model number climbs to meet the live one.

The diagnosis
Low on bothan awareness problem. The AI doesn’t know you and can’t find you. Get cited, anywhere credible.
Stale on livea content problem. It finds you, but old pages. Refresh what it’s reading.
Strong live, weak memoryyou’re winning the moment but not the model. Keep momentum, build durable references.
Engine grounding map

Concretely, as it stands today — where we can split, we split; where we can’t, we say so:

Both layers
memory + live
GPTChatGPTGMGeminiXGrokadd-on

Here you get the full split.

Always live
by design
PPerplexityCPCopilotGGoogle’s AI OverviewsGAI Mode

No memory picture to compare against — the answer is always live.

Memory only
no live picture
DSDeepSeekCClaudeadd-on

The model answers from training; there’s no live picture.

When the providers change their models, we change the list.

When a reading wobbles, we say so.

If a number only moves inside that range, it’s neither progress nor a crash — it’s noise. We flag it, and we don’t raise an alert on it. You should act when something really moves, not every time the model slept badly. A reading we don’t trust ourselves gets a red mark from us, not a nicely rounded figure.

Shaky

We measure what AI tells everyone — not your private chat.

AI answers are partly personal. ChatGPT answers you differently than it answers your customer, because it knows your histories. Nobody can see into those private chats — us included. So we measure the generic consensus answer: what AI says when it doesn’t know you. That’s the version your new buyers see first, and the one that shapes their shortlist. We don’t pretend to know every individual case. We show you the picture most people get.

What we don’t promise.

We can’t steer the AI, and we won’t guarantee you a placement. Anyone who does is selling snake oil. What we can do: show you honestly where you stand, how reliable that number is, and the specific move that improves your odds of being named more often. What the AI does with that is the AI’s call. We’re the instrument, not the lever on the machine.

What’s in every reading

0
base engines — ChatGPT, Perplexity, Gemini, Copilot, DeepSeek, Google AI Overviews, Google AI Mode — plus Claude & Grok as add-ons.
49 ×3
buyer-intent prompts per engine, run three times each.
0
markets & locales, so the reading reflects where your buyers actually search.
Weekly
re-run cadence on a fixed schedule, so trends are comparable run to run.
Built on published GEO research

What we stand on.

That a single AI number misleads isn’t a claim from our marketing team — the research says it. The field was formalized in 2024 (the GEO paper, Aggarwal et al., KDD 2024). A recent statistical study (Sielinski 2026, “Quantifying Uncertainty in AI Visibility,” arXiv:2603.08924) uses repeated sampling across Perplexity, SearchGPT and Gemini to show that single-run metrics look misleadingly precise — AI visibility belongs reported with uncertainty, as a confidence interval, not a point value. That’s exactly how we build it.

Sielinski 2026
“Quantifying Uncertainty in AI Visibility” · arXiv:2603.08924
Repeated sampling across Perplexity, SearchGPT and Gemini shows that single-run metrics look misleadingly precise — AI visibility belongs reported with uncertainty, as a confidence interval, not a point value. The statistical backbone of our confidence score.
Aggarwal et al.
Princeton / IIT-Delhi · KDD 2024
“GEO: Generative Engine Optimization” — the foundational academic study defining how brands surface in generative answers, and the visibility metrics for measuring it. The basis for our multi-query share-of-answer scoring.
Aleyda Solis
Among the first to frame AI-search visibility as an operating discipline for marketing teams. Her work on how generative answers reshape discovery informs how we structure buyer-intent prompts.
Mike King
iPullRank
Technical analysis of how LLMs retrieve and rank sources — the “relevance engineering” lens behind our model-memory vs live-grounding split.

These are our cited sources, not endorsements — Quolens is pre-launch and we won’t imply partnerships we don’t have. We name our influences plainly because honest measurement starts with an honest bibliography.

What this data can — and can’t — tell you.

Can
show whether, how often and how you appear in the generic AI answer — next to your competitor, across several engines, with an honest reliability read.
give you the concrete next step, plus the sources your competitor gets cited through.
Can’t
see into private, personalized chats.
guarantee the AI names you.
hand you a perfectly stable single number. It doesn’t exist — for anyone.
See it for yourself

See your first reading in 60 seconds — no login.

Watch the repeated runs, the Confidence Score settle, and the grounding split — on your own brand, free.